Fluid dynamics and turbulence

This unit is an introduction to hydrodynamic stability theory that concerns the stability and instability of fluid flows. You will be introduced to the theoretical methods required to understand how instabilities develop and how the flow transitions from a laminar to a turbulent state. Instability concepts will be applied to a range of flow systems with applications in biology, geophysics and aerodynamics.

Topics covered include: concepts of linear stability theory; temporal/spatial instabilities; Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities; capillary instabilities; Rayleigh-Benard instabilities; centrifugal instabilities; inviscid and viscous shear flow instabilities in channels, pipes, cylinders and boundary layers; stability of parallel flows including Rayleigh's equation and inflexion point criteria, Fjortoft's theorem, Squire's theorem and the Orr-Sommerfeld equations; weakly nonlinear theory; coherent turbulent structures.